《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(8): 1287-1292

不同库源关系对油茶光合作用及果实品质的影响

袁军^1,2, 石斌², 吴泽龙², 谭晓风^1,2,*

中南林业科技大学¹经济林培育与保护省部共建教育部重点实验室, ²经济林培育与利用湖南省协同创新中心, 长沙410004

通信作者：谭晓风；E-mail: tanxiaofengcn@126.com；Tel: 0731-85623406

摘　要：

以15年生油茶‘湘林XCL15’为试材, 利用LI-6400XT便携式光合作用测定系统和¹³C示踪技术, 研究了不同库源关系对油茶光合作用、¹³C光合产物分配和果实品质的影响。结果表明, 库源比升高显著提高油茶叶片光合效率, 其中二叶一果处理的叶片SPAD值较四叶一果和六叶一果分别提高了4.30%和4.89%, 净光合速率提高了3.58%和6.45%, 最大光化学效率提高了2.71%和8.00%, 实际光量子产量提高了13.26%和36.20%, 光合电子传递速率提高了17.69%和41.68%。六叶一果处理比四叶一果和二叶一果的果实¹³C总量分别提高了76.74%和200.78%, 单果重较后两者分别提高了60.51%和65.95%; 距离标记叶最近的第一果¹³C总量较第二果和第三果分别高8.91 mg和24.77 mg, 单果重较第二果和第三果分别提高了18.06%和50.24%; 标记对侧中部枝叶果实¹³C积累量较标记上部枝和下部枝分别提高了34.43%和137.75%。源叶的增加显著提高了油茶出籽率, 但不同库源处理对油茶种仁含油率无显著影响。本研究表明, 库源比增加促进源叶叶绿素含量、净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数升高, 降低果实单果重和出籽率; 叶片光合产物遵循就近分配原则, 果实上部叶片对库的供应能力高于下部叶片。

关键词：油茶; 库源比; 叶绿素荧光; ¹³C; 果实品质

收稿：2015-05-25   修定：2015-07-01

资助：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404702)和中南林业科技大学人才引进项目(2013RJ002)。

Response of Fruit Quality and Leaf Photosynthesis to Different Sink-Source Relationships in Camellia oleifera

YUAN Jun^1,2, SHI Bin², WU Ze-Long², TAN Xiao-Feng^1,2,*

¹Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, ²Hunan Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China

Corresponding author: TAN Xiao-Feng; E-mail: tanxiaofengcn@126.com; Tel: 0731-85623406

Abstract:

The photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, distribution and utilization of ¹³C and quality of fruits were investigated by LI-6400XT and isotopic tracing under different sink-source relationships, using 15-years Camellia oleifera ‘XianglinXCL15’ as materials. The results showed that photosynthetic efficiency was significantly increased after source-sink ratio decreased. SPAD, P_n, F_v/F_m, Φ_PSII and ETR under treatment of 1 fruit-2 leaves were raised by 4.30% and 4.89%, 3.58% and 6.45%, 2.71% and 8.0%, 13.26% and 36.20%, 17.69% and 41.68% higher than that of 1 fruit-4 leaves and 1 fruit-6 leaves respectively. ¹³C accumulation in fruits of 6 leaf was raised by 76.74% and 200.78% than 4 and 2 leaves, while the single-fruit weight was raised by 60.51% and 65.95% respectively. ¹³C accumulation in first fruits was increase of 8.91 mg in second fruits and 24.77 mg in the third one, and the single-fruit weight was raised by 18.06% and 50.24% respectively. ¹³C accumulation in fruits marked contralateral branches increased by 34.43% and 137.75% than that marked upper and lower branches. Different source-sink relationship had no significant influence on oil content of fruits, but increase of leaves raised the ration of seeds. The results suggested that increase of sink-source ratio promote content of leaf chlorophyll, P_n and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, while reduced the weight of fruit and seeds ration. Photosynthetic product followed the principle of distribution to the nearest, and supply capacity of upper leaf was higher than the lower leaf.

Key words: oil-tea; sink-source ratio; chlorophyll fluorescence; ¹³C; fruits quality